Hirayama (2013) examines the connection between public housing and the development
of neoliberal policies in Japan. Japan’s postwar housing policy has consistently
favored the growth of middle-class home ownership, while the public rented
housing sector has been residual, and rent subsidy systems have not existed. This
deficiency has combined with neoliberal policies that have served to marginalize
low-income housing even further. In Japan, not only public housing but also
employee housing and some private rented housing have made up the low-rent housing sector