Here, we present the results of a set of experiments carried out on the ECM fungi Pisolithus albus (Cooke and Massee) collected from ultramafic soils in New Caledonia, a tropical archipelago located
in the South Pacific Ocean (Fig. 1). In New Caledonia, the ultramafic soils cover one-third of the main island because of natural geological evolution (Fig. 1). As a result of the presence of such ultramafic outcrops, specific biological endemic ecosystems have developed making the main island a biodiversity hot spot. In addition, in the neo-Caledonian ultramafic ecosystem, it has been reported that the ectotrophic mycorrhizal symbioses are dominant and might play an important role in plant adaptation to the extreme soil conditions. In this study, P. albus ultramafic ecotype isolates were inoculated onto (i) the endemic neo-Caledonian Fabaceae, Acacia spirorbis Labill. and (ii) the Myrtaceae, Eucalyptus globulus Labill., which used as a model plant to study the ECM symbiosis between Pisolithus and its host-plant at physiological and molecular levels. The aim of the study was to assess the importance of the ECM symbiosis on plant growth parameters, uptake of major
mineral elements, control of heavy metal uptake and exudation of molecules involved in metal binding, when cultivated in ultramafic substrate. The final objective was to evaluate the potential of ECM
symbioses in plant adaptation to ultramafic soils containing high concentrations of heavy metals, which is a prerequisite for their use in strategies for ecological restoration of mine sites (in particular chromium and nickel mining) as suggested by Reddell et al. in restoring forests following mining in Australia, or by Perrier et al. in rehabilitation of ultramafic soils degraded after nickel
mining in New Caledonia and, more recently as reported by Khosla and Reddy (2008) in post-mining of bauxite in Brazil.
Here, we present the results of a set of experiments carried out on the ECM fungi Pisolithus albus (Cooke and Massee) collected from ultramafic soils in New Caledonia, a tropical archipelago located
in the South Pacific Ocean (Fig. 1). In New Caledonia, the ultramafic soils cover one-third of the main island because of natural geological evolution (Fig. 1). As a result of the presence of such ultramafic outcrops, specific biological endemic ecosystems have developed making the main island a biodiversity hot spot. In addition, in the neo-Caledonian ultramafic ecosystem, it has been reported that the ectotrophic mycorrhizal symbioses are dominant and might play an important role in plant adaptation to the extreme soil conditions. In this study, P. albus ultramafic ecotype isolates were inoculated onto (i) the endemic neo-Caledonian Fabaceae, Acacia spirorbis Labill. and (ii) the Myrtaceae, Eucalyptus globulus Labill., which used as a model plant to study the ECM symbiosis between Pisolithus and its host-plant at physiological and molecular levels. The aim of the study was to assess the importance of the ECM symbiosis on plant growth parameters, uptake of major
mineral elements, control of heavy metal uptake and exudation of molecules involved in metal binding, when cultivated in ultramafic substrate. The final objective was to evaluate the potential of ECM
symbioses in plant adaptation to ultramafic soils containing high concentrations of heavy metals, which is a prerequisite for their use in strategies for ecological restoration of mine sites (in particular chromium and nickel mining) as suggested by Reddell et al. in restoring forests following mining in Australia, or by Perrier et al. in rehabilitation of ultramafic soils degraded after nickel
mining in New Caledonia and, more recently as reported by Khosla and Reddy (2008) in post-mining of bauxite in Brazil.
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