Whatever the driving factors, we are nonetheless witnessing the global transfer of work – either in terms of the creation of new jobs or through the global sourcing of certain parts of an individual’s or unit’s work. This is having a major impact on the type of organisations and nature of work that remain viable in different parts of the world. In the first wave of globalisation two decades ago, low-level manufacturing work began to transfer to low-cost locations. In the second wave,
simple service work such as credit-card processing began to relocate. In the third wave, higher-skill white-collar work is being transferred.