Once the questionnaire was developed in English, they were translated into Norwegian by knowledgeable researchers who were aware of the context and the discipline. Both English and Norwegian versions of the questionnaire were pre-tested by 5 experts who are knowledgeable in hydropower development in Norway and also have a good research background. The important issues have been checked during the pre-testing process, such as clarity and relevancy of the questions, clarity of the instructions given in the questionnaire, and if there were any unnecessary and repeated questions, as well as whether the questionnaire completion time was excessive or not.