Alexander Aleksandrovich Bogdanov Александр Александрович Богданов (born Alexander Malinovsky) (August 22 (Old Style), 1873, Tula, Russia - April 7, 1928, Moscow) was a Russian physician, philosopher, economist, science fiction writer, and revolutionary whose scientific interests ranged from the universal systems theory to the possibility of human rejuvenation through blood transfusion.
He was for a time second in influence to Lenin in the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party. After the revolution, he and Lenin quarreled, but he remained an influential figure, especially in the development of the Communist Party's cultural policies. Bogdanov is representative of the Russian intelligentsia who were attracted to the revolutionary movement.