minor defects (looped
tails, detached sperm heads and distal cytoplasmic droplets) and
total defects did not differ between the freeze–thawing and
cooling semen processes (P . 0.10). The most common defects
consisted of acrosome (3.9% 2.11%), detached head (5.4%
2.18%), distal midpiece reflex (8.2% 4.95%) and bent tail
(2.0% 1.55%).