In the years between the two world wars, other countries were able to sell coal at a much cheaper price than South Wales. The result was that there were many people without work in the mining valleys of South Wales, and that part of the country was, without doubt, the poorest in Great Britain. The war, however, made a great difference, and many of the almost dead mining valleys came back to life again. In the fight against Germany much coal was required for the war factories of Great Britain. Throughout the war South Wales was very busy, and is, indeed, still busy, for the motto of the British after the war is export or die", and one of the most important things for producing articles for export is coal In Wales there are 2h million people, of whom nearly I million prefer to speak their own language. It is quite possible for an Englishman to meet a farmer in Wales, who in reply to his question about the way to the next village, will answer, "DYM SAESNEG" "I do not speak Saxon 8o,ooo people in this strange land neither speak nor understand English,and there are many who "can" ,but "will" not.