Ethylene oxide (ETO) gas is currently used in many countries to disinfect spices potentially contaminated with pathogenic bacteria, such as Salmonella. This fumigation is particularly important in the sterilisation of some spices that may not undergo further cooking
before being consumed. Ethylene oxide is known to induce tumours in laboratory animals by both oral and inhalation routes, and to form adducts to proteins and DNA in humans and animals (IARC, 1994). Although toxicokinetic studies on the oral uptake of ETO have not been
reported, aqueous solutions of ETO penetrate human skin and ETO distributes uniformly throughout the body of laboratory mammals on inhalation (IARC,1994). The status of ETO was upgraded by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) from Group 2A (probably carcinogenic to humans) to Group 1(carcinogenic in humans) in 1994 due to increasing epidemiological and occupational evidence through studies showing that ETO was capable of causing tumours in
both laboratory animals and humans through common direct genotoxic mechanisms (IARC, 1994).
Ethylene oxide (ETO) gas is currently used in many countries to disinfect spices potentially contaminated with pathogenic bacteria, such as Salmonella. This fumigation is particularly important in the sterilisation of some spices that may not undergo further cookingbefore being consumed. Ethylene oxide is known to induce tumours in laboratory animals by both oral and inhalation routes, and to form adducts to proteins and DNA in humans and animals (IARC, 1994). Although toxicokinetic studies on the oral uptake of ETO have not beenreported, aqueous solutions of ETO penetrate human skin and ETO distributes uniformly throughout the body of laboratory mammals on inhalation (IARC,1994). The status of ETO was upgraded by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) from Group 2A (probably carcinogenic to humans) to Group 1(carcinogenic in humans) in 1994 due to increasing epidemiological and occupational evidence through studies showing that ETO was capable of causing tumours inboth laboratory animals and humans through common direct genotoxic mechanisms (IARC, 1994).
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