Perceived Behavioral control (PBC) was measured by the Sexual Abstinence Efficacy Scale (SAES) because the PBC and self-efficacy are the same concept; only an operational difference exists (Ajzen, 2005a). Norris and colleagues developed this scale for assessing sexual abstinence efficacy among high school and college students and tested content validity (Norris et al.,2003). The scale consisted of 7 items and one optional question item. The optional item is only asked of students having engaged in sexual behavior, but refraining from it. Cronbach’s alphas of the original study and this study using 7 items were 0.83 (Norris et al., 2003). Response options ranged from not at all sure (1) to extremely sure (4).