“Wake up!” Do you hear these words

“Wake up!” Do you hear these words often? If so, maybe you are not getting enough sleep. What is
sleep? Why do people sleep? How much sleep do you need?
All people sleep. All mammals and birds also sleep. Some reptiles, amphibians, and fish sleep too.
Scientists understand some of the reasons for sleep. But they do not understand everything about it.
There are two kinds of sleep in mammals and birds. One kind of sleep is Rapid Eye Movement sleep,
which we call REM sleep. The other kind of sleep is Non–Rapid Eye Movement sleep, which we call NREM or non–REM sleep. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine divides NREM sleep into three stages: N1, N2, and N3 sleep.
When people first go to sleep, they are in NREM sleep. The first stage of NREM sleep is N1 sleep. During N1 sleep, people get very drowsy. Some people have muscle twitches during this part of sleep. People are not very conscious of, or aware of, their surroundings during this stage of sleep. Brain monitors identify small, slow, and irregular brain waves during N1 sleep. The second stage of sleep is N2 sleep. People are not at all conscious of their surroundings during N2 sleep. About 45%-55% of total adult sleep is N2 sleep. Brain monitors identify large brain waves with quick bursts of activity during N2 sleep. The third stage of sleep is N3 sleep. It is very deep sleep. Brain monitors identify very slow brain waves during N3 sleep. Therefore, N3 sleep is called slow–wave sleep (SWS.)
After N3 sleep, people cycle back to lighter N2 sleep before going into REM sleep. People cycle through the stages of NREM sleep 4 or 5 times each night and enter REM sleep several times during one night. Dreams occur during REM sleep and the eyes move quickly beneath closed eyelids. During REM sleep, people and animals are paralyzed. Scientists think people enter a state in which they cannot move so they will not hurt themselves while they are dreaming.
The National Sleep Foundation in the United States says that 7–9 hours of sleep daily is best for an adult. Seven to nine hours of sleep is good for memory, alertness, problem–solving, and health. Less than six hours of sleep affects the ability to think. Getting too much sleep may not be good for people either. Too much sleep is linked to sickness and depression.
Babies need a lot more sleep than adults. A newborn infant needs up to 18 hours of sleep each day. A baby spends about nine hours in REM sleep. Five–year–olds need 11–13 hours of sleep each day. A five–year– old spends about 2 hours in REM sleep. Teenagers need 9–10 hours of sleep each day. Pregnant women need more sleep than other adults. Many people think that elderly people need less sleep than younger adults, but that is not true. Most adults do well with 7–9 hours of sleep.
Scientists are not sure of all the reasons for sleep. They know that sleep helps the body heal and grow. Sleep helps the immune system – which helps people fight disease. Sleep helps the infant brain grow. It seems that REM sleep is especially important for babies’ brain growth. It also seems that sleep is a time for processing memories. Why do we dream? Some scientists believe that dreams have a psychological purpose. Some think that dreams help organize our brains. Some think that dreams are the result of random brain activity during REM sleep.
Sleep patterns differ substantially from culture to culture. Cultures with artificial light have different sleep patterns from cultures without artificial light (like electric lamps.) In cultures that use artificial light, people usually go to sleep later at night, and they sleep through the night. In other cultures, people often sleep for two periods. They go to sleep shortly after the sun goes down. They sleep deeply for several hours. Then, they tend to wake up for several hours. Afterward, they go to sleep again for several more hours. In hunter– gatherer groups, people sleep off and on throughout the day and night.
People sleep in a variety of places, too. Some people sleep on the ground. Some sleep on mats or in beds. Some use pillows, blankets, and other bedding. But they all sleep!
Good night! Sweet dreams!

ผลลัพธ์ (ชวา) 1:

"Wake up!" Apa Kowé ora krungu tembung iki kerep? Yen mengkono iku, Mungkin sampeyan ora njupuk cukup turu. Apa
turu? Apa wong turu? Pinten turu kowe kudu?
Kabeh wong turu. Sedaya mamalia lan manuk uga turu. Sawetara reptil, amfibi, lan turu iwak banget.
Ilmuwan ngerti sawetara alasan kanggo ngaso. Nanging wong-wong ora ngerti kabeh babagan iku.
Ana rong jinis turu ing mamalia lan manuk. Siji jenis turu iku Gerakan Rapid Eye turu,
kang kita nelpon REM turu. Jenis liya turu iku Gerakan Non-Rapid Eye turu, kang kita nelpon NREM utawa turu non-REM. Ing American Academy of timer Kedokteran divides NREM turu dadi telung orane tumrap sekolah. N1, N2, lan turu N3
Nalika wong pisanan mbukak kanggo turu, padha ana ing NREM turu. Ing tataran kapisan NREM turu iku turu N1. Sajrone turu N1, wong njaluk banget drowsy. Sawetara wong duwe twitches otot sak iki bagéan saka turu. Wong sing ora banget sadar, utawa weruh, sing sakcedhake sak tataran iki turu. Alat otak ngenali ombak otak cilik, alon, lan ora duwe aturan baku sajrone turu N1. Ing tataran kapindho turu iku turu N2. Wong sing ora ing kabeh eling sing sakcedhake sajrone turu N2. Bab 45% -55% saka total turu diwasa turu N2. Alat otak ngenali ombak otak gedhe karo bursts cepet kegiatan sajrone turu N2. Ing tataran katelu saka turu iku turu N3. Iku turu jero banget. Alat otak ngenali ombak otak alon banget sajrone turu N3. Mulane, turu N3 diarani alon-gelombang turu (SWS.)
Sawisé turu N3, wong siklus bali menyang turu N2 korek sadurunge lunga menyang REM turu. Wong siklus liwat orane tumrap sekolah saka NREM turu 4 utawa 5 kaping saben wengi lan ketik REM turu kaping pirang-pirang sak siji wengi. Impen dumadi sak REM ngaso lan mata mindhah cepet ngisor eyelids. Sajrone REM turu, wong lan kewan sing lumpuh. Ilmuwan mikir wong ngetik negara kang padha ora bisa mindhah supaya padha ora babras piyambak nalika lagi ngalamun.
Nasional Foundation Turu ing Amerika Serikat sing says 7-9 jam turu dina rata-rata paling apik kanggo diwasa. Seven sangang jam turu apik kanggo memori, alertness, kemampuan ngatasi masalah, lan kesehatan. Kurang saka enem jam turu mengaruhi kemampuan kanggo mikir. Njupuk kakehan turu bisa uga ora apik kanggo wong salah siji. Kakehan turu wis disambung menyang penyakit lan depresi.
Babies kudu luwih akèh turu saka wong diwasa. A bayi bayi perlu nganti 18 jam turu saben dina. Baby A mblanjakake bab sangang jam ing REM turu. Lima-taun-tuwone kudu 11-13 jam turu saben dina. A lawas limang year- mblanjakake bab 2 jam ing REM turu. Cah enom kudu 9-10 jam turu saben dina. Ngandhut wanita kudu luwih turu tinimbang wong diwasa liyane. Akeh wong sing mikir sing wong tuwa kudu turu kurang tinimbang wong diwasa enom, nanging sing ora bener. Paling diwasa apa uga karo 7-9 jam turu.
Ilmuwan ora yakin kabeh alasan kanggo turu. Padha ngerti sing turu mbantu awak waras lan tuwuh. Turu mbantu sistem imun - kang mbantu wong perang penyakit. Turu mbantu otak bayi tuwuh. Iku misale jek sing REM turu iku utamané penting kanggo wutah otak bayi-bayi. Iku uga misale jek sing turu wektu kanggo proses pengeling-eling. Yagéné kita padha ngimpi? Sawetara ilmuwan pracaya impen duwe maksud psikologis. Sawetara mikir sing impen bantuan ngatur pemikiran kita. Sawetara mikir sing impen sing asil kegiatan otak acak sak REM turu.
Sleep pola beda-beda mesti saka budaya budaya. Budaya karo Ponggawa cahya duwe pola turu beda saka budaya tanpa Ponggawa cahya (kaya lampu listrik.) Ing budaya sing nggunakake Ponggawa cahya, wong biasane menyang turu mengko ing wayah wengi, lan padha turu liwat wengi. Ing budaya liya, wong kerep turu kanggo rong suwé. Padha pindhah menyang turu sakcepete sawise srengenge dadi mudhun. Padha turu rumiyin kanggo saperangan jam. Banjur, wong kathah kanggo tangi kanggo sawetara jam. Bubar, padha menyang turu maneh kanggo saperangan jam liyane. Ing kelompok gatherer hunter-, wong turu mati lan ing saindhenging dina lan wengi.
Wong turu ing macem-macem panggonan, banget. Sawetara wong turu ing lemah. Sawetara turu ing kloso utawa ing kasur. Sawetara nggunakake bantal, selimut, lan sprei liyane. Nanging wong-wong kabeh turu!
Good wengi! Impen manis!