Gilbo (1993) and Hall (1999) have gone beyond the
sequencing of arrivals only by considering how available
capacity can best be allocated in a dynamic way
between landings and takeoffs to account for the distinct
peaking patterns in the arrival and departure
streams at airports over the course of a day. Pujet
et al. (1999) have further examined the issue of optimizing
the number of aircraft taxiing out during periods
of congestion, based on the empirical observation
that departure rates at major airports seem to decrease
when the number of active aircraft on the taxiway
system exceeds a certain airport-specific threshold.
Although still at the theoretical stage, some of these
promising ideas will eventually find their way into
practice.