Key findings
• Clinical symptoms and signs of
trauma patients can be used as
a guideline to correct the prediction
of thoracic injuries and necessity
of chest radiography.
• Chest radiography can be con-
fined to patients who have at
least one of the following factors:
hemodynamic instability, GCS
lower than 15, age over 60, crepitation,
decrease in pulmonary
sounds, pain and tenderness of
the chest wall, thoracic skin abrasion,
and dyspnea.
• Based on Thoracic Injury Ruleout
Criteria (TIRC rule), it seems
that chest radiography is not necessary
in stable multiple blunt
trauma patients who are conscious,
under 60 years, or have
no decrease in pulmonary sounds,
dyspnea, thoracic skin abrasions
and crepitation.