Indonesia
Halal slaughter was examined in 29 Brahman crossbred cattle of mixed age at six abattoirs in Java and four in Sumatra. At nine abattoirs the cattle were held in a galvanized steel restraining pen (MLA-Livecorp Mark 1) for attaching casting ropes to the legs. At the tenth abattoir the cattle were restrained in a traditional wooden pole race. In both systems, on release from the pen or race the cattle were cast and restrained on the ground with ropes. The head was secured either with a rope or by hand, and the neck cut by either a halal slaughterman or a mullah while the animal was in lateral recumbency with the neck twisted such that the ventral aspect was facing upwards. Liveweight and carcass weight were not normally measured at these premises, but it was estimated that liveweight varied between 400 and 800 kg.