7.3. Example
The cost of 4 Kw 24 V Off Grid PV System with all accessories is 5800 $ [24]. 12 solar panels of 300 W are needed. So, we need 12 TEMs which the cost is about 12 × 13 US$ = 156 US$.
The cost of the solar panel which powering the 12 TEM modules is 200 US$. So, the total cost of additional accessories necessary for Hybrid PV/TEM system is 356 US$. Thus, this means that the cost of TEM modules and the solar panel powering the TEMs is about 6% of the total cost of PV systems.