who indicated that the near-field static displacement
at a location with respect to the earthquake is proportional to
M0=r2, where M0 is the seismic moment. The groundwater level
change is inversely proportional to the distance squared. Note that,
the point force in Eqs. (3) and (4) can include both compressive and
tensile forces due to the use of Dh in the model. The absolute quantities
of the point force and change in groundwater level are
adopted in this study, and thus compressive and tensile point
forces play the same role. Eqs. (3) and (4) are used to estimate
the extent of stress influence by substituting the point force and
groundwater variation data. Both two- and three-dimensional
solutions are considered in the analyses.