We studied students’ motivation to learn through the lens of achievement
goal theory. Achievement goal theory describes different purposes that
students adopt for engaging in academic tasks. Research has shown that
these purposes are related to different patterns of student thinking, emotions,
and actions and also to achievement (Ames, 1992; Midgley, 2002).
Researchers focused predominantly on two different types of goals: mastery
goals and performance goals. Mastery goals are focused on increasing
competence, whereas performance goals are focused on demonstrating
competence. Each of these goals can be held by individual students (i.e.,
personal goals) and also be perceived as being emphasized in the classroom
(i.e., goal structures) (see Kaplan, Middleton, Urdan, & Midgley, 2002, and
Urdan 1997, for reviews).
Personal Goals
We studied students’ motivation to learn through the lens of achievement
goal theory. Achievement goal theory describes different purposes that
students adopt for engaging in academic tasks. Research has shown that
these purposes are related to different patterns of student thinking, emotions,
and actions and also to achievement (Ames, 1992; Midgley, 2002).
Researchers focused predominantly on two different types of goals: mastery
goals and performance goals. Mastery goals are focused on increasing
competence, whereas performance goals are focused on demonstrating
competence. Each of these goals can be held by individual students (i.e.,
personal goals) and also be perceived as being emphasized in the classroom
(i.e., goal structures) (see Kaplan, Middleton, Urdan, & Midgley, 2002, and
Urdan 1997, for reviews).
Personal Goals
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