Cognitive therapy: foundations, conceptual models,
applications and research
Fundamentos, modelos conceituais, aplicações e
pesquisa da terapia cognitiva
Abstract
Objective: There is growing interest in the cognitive model of psychotherapy stimulated by an extensive body of research findings
demonstrating its effectiveness for a varied set of psychiatric disorders and medical conditions. This review article aims to give an
overview of the historical and philosophical background to contemporary cognitive and cognitive-behavioral approaches to psychotherapy,
pointing out similarities across and differences between them. A presentation of the cognitive model as designed by Aaron Beck, and
some of the cognitive and behavioral techniques used in emotional disorders will be discussed. Outcome studies and meta-analyses
contemplating the efficacy of cognitive and cognitive-behavioral therapies in various psychological and medical conditions will be briefly
depicted. Method: Through review of articles and textbooks, especially the works of Aaron Beck from which this review article has heavily
borrowed, the origins and foundations of the cognitive-behavioral approaches to the treatment of psychiatric and medical conditions are
described. Through Medline, the search of randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses has pointed out the evidence-based efficacy
of this psychotherapeutic approach. Results and Conclusions: Cognitive-behavioral therapies in general and Beckian cognitive therapy
in particular hold a theoretical foundation and a varied set of techniques, whose evidence-based efficacy was demonstrated for the
treatment of diverse mental and physical conditions.
Descriptors: Cognitive therapy; Behavior therapy; Review literature; Techniques and procedures; Research