Ten percent acrylamide gels and a tris-tricine buffer system
(Schagger and von Jagow 1987) were used for sodium dodecyl
sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis
under reducing conditions. Gels were visualized following a
standard Coomassie stain–destain protocol. A polyvinylidine
difluoride (PVDF) membrane blot was made using a Hoeffer
semi-dry electroblotte