Exclusion criteria included those patients who presented with
traumatic brain injury in the setting of either an ischemic or hemorrhagic
stroke, brain mass or lesion, as well as those patients where traumatic
brain injury was not thought to be the primary problem. Patients with
illness that could compromise survival over the duration of the study as
well as patients taking mood-altering medications (antipsychotics and
or anxiolitics) prior to admission, and patients with alcohol abuse prior
to admission to the hospital were excluded.