As noted in Chapter 7, territories list geography tended to entail a restrictive bias toward state-centred national identities. Indeed, the word of nationalist identity coupled with statist governance often repressed indigenous cultures, racial and religious minorities, and homosexuality. In contrast, the growth of supra territorial spaces has created more room for the expression of elements of identity besides state-nationhood, such as class, disability, gender, generation (especially youth), minority nationalities, profession, race, religion and sexual preference.