Weight loss and other nutritional problems are common in cancer patients. The problems are
of importance for response to treatment and survival and the well-being of the patients.
Nutritional support can be carried out in different ways. The efforts considered in this thesis
are; assessment of nutritional status to find the patients who are at risk to become or already
are malnourished, assessment of dietary intake, dietary advice, information and support to the
families, information and education to the caregivers, and supplementation with drugs that
possibly could influence the weight development. The Swedish version of the Patient
Generated Subjective Global assessment of nutritional status, PG-SGA, is useful in
assessment of nutritional status in cancer patients. Dietary advice and support to patients and
their families combined with information and education to the staff, at the hospital and in the
home care, turned out to have a positive influence at the weight development and other
parameters related to nutrition. The effects were seen in consecutive patients with small cell
lung cancer in comparison with a historical control group, and in patients in a randomised
trial. Fish oil and melatonin could stabilise weight development in patients with advanced
gastrointestinal cancer, but had no marked influence on factors reflecting cachexia. Problems
with nutrition in cancer patients are possible to recognise and various interventions may be
beneficial.
Weight loss and other nutritional problems are common in cancer patients. The problems areof importance for response to treatment and survival and the well-being of the patients.Nutritional support can be carried out in different ways. The efforts considered in this thesisare; assessment of nutritional status to find the patients who are at risk to become or alreadyare malnourished, assessment of dietary intake, dietary advice, information and support to thefamilies, information and education to the caregivers, and supplementation with drugs thatpossibly could influence the weight development. The Swedish version of the PatientGenerated Subjective Global assessment of nutritional status, PG-SGA, is useful inassessment of nutritional status in cancer patients. Dietary advice and support to patients andtheir families combined with information and education to the staff, at the hospital and in thehome care, turned out to have a positive influence at the weight development and otherparameters related to nutrition. The effects were seen in consecutive patients with small celllung cancer in comparison with a historical control group, and in patients in a randomisedtrial. Fish oil and melatonin could stabilise weight development in patients with advancedgastrointestinal cancer, but had no marked influence on factors reflecting cachexia. Problemswith nutrition in cancer patients are possible to recognise and various interventions may bebeneficial.
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