In approaching our analyses, we drew on the work of Baron and Kenny (1986), as well as more recent related work by Kenny, Kashy, and Bolger (1998) and Shrout and Bolger (2002). According to Baron and Kenny, establishing the role of any mediator (taking knowledge sharing alone as an example, for brevity) in the empowering leadership– team performance relationship involves meeting four conditions: (1) empowering leadership is related to knowledge sharing, (2) knowledge sharing is related to team performance, (3) empowering leadership is related to team performance, and (4) the strength of the relationship between empowering leadership and team performance is reduced when knowledge sharing is added to the model as a mediator. However, Kenny et al. (1998) and Shrout and Bolger (2002) have more recently noted that if there is a significant relationship between empowering leadership and knowledge sharing, and a significant relationship between knowledge sharing and team performance, then even if empowering leadership is not related to team performance, the indirect effect of empowering leadership on team performance is implied (Kenny et al., 1998: 260). Thus, according to Holmbeck (1997), a mediation effect exists when all the above four conditions specified by Baron and Kenny (1986) are met. If the third (and consequently, the fourth) condition specified by Baron and Kenny is not met—that is, if empowering leadership and team performance are not directly related, but empowering leadership and knowledge sharing are related, and knowledge sharing and team performance are also related— then empowering leadership has an indirect effect on team performance through knowledge sharing.