Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by chronic airway infections with intermittent pulmonary exacerbations. The microbiology of CF airway infections has for many decades been determined by bacterial and fungal culture methods, focusing on the most commonly isolated organisms including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Haemophilus influenzae [1]. However, many other opportunistic organisms not commonly recovered from healthy individuals have been associated with evolution of the airway disease in CF individuals over the last decade including gram negative non-lactose fermenting bacilli such as Burkholderia cepacia complex, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Achromobacter spp., and Inquilinus limosus; non-tuberculous mycobacteria; and fungal organisms, both yeasts and molds [1], [2] and [3]. In addition, respiratory viruses have been examined, although a specific role for viruses in CF pulmonary disease has not been clearly defined.