The ton—miles of the dry bulks expanded at a firm
rate (6.4 per cent for major dry bulk commodities and
5.2 per cent for minor bulks). Ton-miles generated by
containerized trade were estimated to have increased
by 5.4 per cent (Clarksons Research, 2015b), driven
by the recovery on the peak legs of the Asia–Europe
and trans-Pacific trade routes as well as the continued
rise in the longer haul North–South trade volumes