A hybrid Parallel Active Filter in Off-line UPS
System with Proposed Control Strategy
Sanar Shamil
Brunel University, UK
Sanar.shamil@brunel.ac.uk
Mohammed K. Darwish
Brunel University, UK
Mohamed.darwish@brunel.ac.uk
Abstract-A hybrid parallel active filter in offline UPS system
with proposed control strategy is presented, the system contain
an inverter acting as an active filter that has two modes of
operation, the first is to supply the non-linear load while
compensating for the current harmonics and the second is to
remove the stress from the back up battery while supplying the
load when the main supply goes off. The proposed design is
presented with the control strategy and with a full simulation
results.
Index Terms—active filters, current harmonics, UPS system.
I. INTRODUCTION
In the recent years the issue of power quality has raised in
our world as technology rises, with the new technology the
drawing of reactive power is becoming a serious issue and
harmonics are being discussed widely, the increase of nonliner
loads drawing non-sinusoidal current is affecting the
power quality of the systems.
As power systems operate between 50 _ 60 Hz, in certain
situations certain loads provide voltages and currents
frequency that is the multiple of the system frequency which
cause disturbance to the system and thus known as harmonic
distortion. This subject had increasing concern over the last
few decades especially in power converters.
Power converters with non-linear loads drawing currents
forcing it to be non-sinusoidal, such distortion have multiple
effect on the power system, short and long effects, the most
noticeable is the short where the voltage spikes or get
disturbed in any other way, while the long effect cannot be
easily detected and can cause severe damage over time,
therefore a solution had to be presented to protect the supplies
and the customer.
To overcome these problems many researchers developed
several techniques to overcome the harmonic distortion such
as:
• Passive filter
• Active filter
• Hybrid active filter
Passive filters are the simplest way to eliminate the
harmonics, it were used to compensate the current draw for
quite long time, however these filters are big in size and they
are fixed to certain levels and cannot eliminate all the
harmonics, moreover one of its main issues is the series or
parallel resonance with the system impedance.
Active filter is used to overcome the drawbacks of the
passive filters; they have the capability to not only
compensate the harmonic developed by the loads but also
reactive power and unbalance of non-linear fluctuation loads.
Moreover they can adjust to the conditions of the system to
meet the harmonics and reactive power. They are smaller
devices and more accurate, but its cost is very high in
industrial applications.
In order for each active filter to perform its duty there has to
be a reference current signal so the filter can generate the
correcting signals. It is obtained by sensing voltages and
currents signals from the power system. The use of these
signals differ from method to another, thus the use of this
signal is what categorise the methods of controlling the active
filter.
Figure (1) proposed design
II. PROPOSED CONFIGURATION
The proposed design is shown in figure (1),the system
contains one full bridge inverter that has two modes of
operation, the first is when there’s AC main supply where the
inverter act as an active filter while charging the back-up
battery, while the second mode it supply the load with the
required energy from the back-up battery, in both modes of
operation the inverter is controlled to achieve a pure
sinusoidal line current leaving the supply with no current
harmonic and improve the power factor the design of the
circuit is shown in figure (2).
Figure (2) proposed circuit d
The following equation can be determine