Results
Mother/infant dyads who had all five matrices available for analysis, were included in this report (N ¼ 598). The demographic and environmental characteristics of the study population were as follows: Mean maternal age was 25.7 years with median gravidity of 2 and parity of 1. About 74% were married, 68.1% attained at least a high school education and 76.8% were homemakers. For the infants, mean gestational age was 38.7 weeks and 53.8% were males. About 59.2% of the subjects lived in their own homes, although 7.4% lived in poor, makeshift homes. The socioeconomic status (SES) was assessed using the Roberto Scale (Roberto, 2002) which is a widely used socioeconomic scale in the Philippines based on home structure and appearance as compared to the Hollingshead Four Factor Index (Hollingshead, 1965).