Acid treated starch is a carbohydrate polymer prepared by treating starch or starch granules with inorganic acids such as sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, or phosphoric acid, which is later neutralised by the use of sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate. This causes the starch to partially hydrolyse (breakdown). Starch is a natural polysaccharide derived from the seeds, roots, and leaves of corn, wheat, potato, rice, tapioca and sago. The properties of acid treated starch change with the heat and acid treatment applied, as does the varying degree of solubility in cold water. Acid treated starch is used as a thickener, stabiliser and binder in food. Further research is needed on its long-term safety. Allergic reactions have been reported and celiacs should avoid.