This Master Thesis presents administrative dimensions of Tax system reform in
transition countries. Efficient and effective reform of tax policy and Tax Administration is
essential for successful economic reforms. The major mistake in tax reform in transition
countries was focus primarily on modernizing tax policies and relegating Tax Administration
and taxpayer issues to a remote second place. The results have been in many cases a
decreasing level of tax collections and an increasing level of tax evasion. It was clear that
there is no successful tax reform without, also successful Tax Administration reform.
Unequal treatment of taxpayers, a weak enforcement strategy and poor focus on taxpayers
are results of inadequate organizational and management structures. As a theoretical
framework Street-level bureaucracy theory, Tax theory, and Organizational theory are
adopted. The theoretical framework clearly defines desirable organizational and
management state structures in Tax Administration in transition countries. The empirical
part consists of comparative analysis between two countries: Croatia and Slovenia. They
were members of former Yugoslavia republics and are characterized by planned socialism
background. The analysis is based on data collected using the primary and secondary sources
- documentary analysis, the archival technique, documents, and media. Planned socialism
legacy explains the starting position for reforms characterised by a low level of effectiveness
and efficiency of Tax Administrations in both countries. On the other side, the higher gap
between the desirable and current organizational and management state structure in
Croatian than in Slovenian Tax Administration explains the higher level of tax evasions in
Croatia. To conclude, based on the results of comparative analyzes between these two
countries various recommendation are proposed for Serbia. Establishment of an adequate
organizational and management state structure for Serbian Tax Administration is right the
way to decrease levels of tax evasion and to increase levels of collected taxes.
This Master Thesis presents administrative dimensions of Tax system reform in
transition countries. Efficient and effective reform of tax policy and Tax Administration is
essential for successful economic reforms. The major mistake in tax reform in transition
countries was focus primarily on modernizing tax policies and relegating Tax Administration
and taxpayer issues to a remote second place. The results have been in many cases a
decreasing level of tax collections and an increasing level of tax evasion. It was clear that
there is no successful tax reform without, also successful Tax Administration reform.
Unequal treatment of taxpayers, a weak enforcement strategy and poor focus on taxpayers
are results of inadequate organizational and management structures. As a theoretical
framework Street-level bureaucracy theory, Tax theory, and Organizational theory are
adopted. The theoretical framework clearly defines desirable organizational and
management state structures in Tax Administration in transition countries. The empirical
part consists of comparative analysis between two countries: Croatia and Slovenia. They
were members of former Yugoslavia republics and are characterized by planned socialism
background. The analysis is based on data collected using the primary and secondary sources
- documentary analysis, the archival technique, documents, and media. Planned socialism
legacy explains the starting position for reforms characterised by a low level of effectiveness
and efficiency of Tax Administrations in both countries. On the other side, the higher gap
between the desirable and current organizational and management state structure in
Croatian than in Slovenian Tax Administration explains the higher level of tax evasions in
Croatia. To conclude, based on the results of comparative analyzes between these two
countries various recommendation are proposed for Serbia. Establishment of an adequate
organizational and management state structure for Serbian Tax Administration is right the
way to decrease levels of tax evasion and to increase levels of collected taxes.
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