For preanesthetic
tranquilizing, xylazine hydrochloride at 2% (0.1 mL
10 kg-1 live weight) was applied by intramuscular
injection. Ketamine (0.2 mL 10 kg-1 live weight) was
applied intravenously as anesthetic, 10 min aft er
administering the xylazine hydrochloride.
Once anesthetized, laparoscopic insemination involved
restraint of the animals in dorsal recumbency on a
laparoscopy cradle, and the animals were tilted into
a head-down position at an angle of at least 45°