Firstly, dehydration of fructose was carried out at different reaction temperatures. As shown in ... ,the reaction temperature showed a great effect both on fructose conversion and HMF yield. After 2h, the dehydration of fructose at 80.c only afforded alow HMF yield of 16.5% (...,Entry 1), but it greatly increased to 67.5% by increasing the reaction temperature to 100.C (... Entries 1 vs 2). THese results indicated high reaction temperature promoted the dehydration of fructose. As expected, HMF yield further enhanced to 83.6% at the reaction temperature of 120.C after 2h (... , Entry 3). As far as the conversion of fructose, the conversion of fructose dehydration over Zr-P-Cr catalyst also increased with increasing of the reaction temperature (..., Entries 1-3)