21 June 2015, 17th International Academic Conference, Vienna ISBN 978-80-87927-10-6, IISES
THANASUWIT THABHIRANRAK
Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Thailand
SUPAYOTIN NA SONGKLA
Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Thailand
TAWATCHAI SUPHUAN
Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Thailand
MARKETING MIX DETERMINANTS AND BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR
COMMUNITY MARKET’ PRODUCTS
Abstract:
This research involved [i] discovering the differences of buying behavior of consumers at the Bang
Nam Pheung Community Floating Market in Bangkok by gender, age, marital status, educational
level, occupation and monthly income; [ii] investigating a correlation between marketing mix
determinants and consumers’ buying behavior; [iii] investigating a correlation between product mix
determinants and consumers’ buying behavior ; and [iv] examining a correlation between
consumers’ buying behavior and their likelihood of future buying. The goal was an attempt to
identify the marketing mix of Bang Nam Pheung Floating Market that determined the buying
behavior of consumers. A total of 400 samples were selected from the population of consumers
who visited and shopped at Bang Nam Pheung Floating Market, Bangkok. The findings provided
more understanding of viewpoints towards the community floating marketing mix determinants on
consumers’ buying behavior. The findings revealed the significant correlation between the
consumers’ attitudes towards the marketing mix determinants of price, sellers and place and
buying behavior in terms of the buying frequency. Additionally, higher buying frequency level also
determined the likelihood of revisiting to shop at the market, recommending others and more
frequent shopping in case of receiving higher income.
Keywords:
Marketing Mix; Buying Behavior; Community Market’ Products
http://www.iises.net/proceedings/17th-international-academic-conference-vienna/front-page 527
INTRODUCTION
Community markets have played their role as the main place for retailing goods in
Thailand, which has strongly identified Thai traditions. Globalization has mobilized the
country into the modern era. This has created current threats due to modern trade and
some liberalization laws and regulation that promote foreign investments and free flow
of labor. With higher financial status, technological advancement and management
innovations, these transnational corporations posed significant threats to Thai
entrepreneurs, especially retailers, including sellers at weekend community markets.
The leading modern trade retailers for instance Big C., Tesco Lotus, Carrefour and
Makro have expanded their branches around Bangkok and neighboring provinces, and
other provinces throughout Thailand; this is bound to affect small and medium traders
from supermarket wholesalers and groceries. High competition of this modern trade
environment brings about a vulnerability to small wholesalers and retailers, which may
be so critical that they may decide to close their businesses due to unprofitability.
Unprofitability is caused by many factors, for instance changes of tastes and values of
Thai consumers given to imported products, and a lack of capability to negotiate for
lower wholesale prices making them unable to offer consumers more attractive retail
prices (R. Seubnukarn, 2003). Impacts of a free trade agreement or FTA also present
both opportunities and challenges (C. Rattanareuthai, 2006).
The abovementioned situation is considerable due to its positive yields for end
consumers who will enjoy cheaper prices and a more variety of products, as well as an
expansion of local employment, yet long- term negative effects cannot be ignored. In
reality, by a continuously higher number of local residents buying goods from modern
trade and other franchised retailer corporations rather than from small single- own
groceries, the country can potentially face problems of dramatic income leakages and
circular flow of income in the national economy (C. Rattanareuthai, 2006).
From a historical perspective, Thai people started to know a ‘market’ in Sukhothai period
as a place where selling and buying activities occurred for consumer goods in daily life
both in towns and rural areas. Traditionally, a market in the sense of Thai people
referred to trading of retail and wholesale, which could be river or floating and land
markets. These markets have physical attachments with local people living in and
nearby, and characterize Thai ways in settling down. Addressing a case of river or
floating markets, the urbanization and environmental changes have transformed the
way of local selling and buying along rivers and canals moving on lands. Nevertheless,
floating markets today have been promoted by local authorities with a purpose to
promote community tourism (Kanchanapisek).
Sustaining the traditional Thai retail and wholesale trading is one way to support and
promote creative products produced locally from local wisdoms, in which Thailand as a
whole can receive benefits from income generation throughout the country and foreign
currency earnings from exporting locally- produced products. Furthermore, community
markets are significant as a possible solution for local Thai unemployed people and
street vendors, through which the country could gain a more positive image. Floating
markets, for example, could be perceived as representing Thai traditional way of life
and as producing local income and well- being.
In these regards, this study of marketing mix determinants and buying behavior for
community market’ products was aimed to benefit as a guideline for Thai local
21 June 2015, 17th International Academic Conference, Vienna ISBN 978-80-87927-10-6, IISES
http://www.iises.net/proceedings/17th-international-academic-conference-vienna/front-page 528
entrepreneurs in improving or planning for strategies in marketing for their community
market products. Bang Nam Pheung Floating Market in Bangkok was selected for the
study due to its proximity to Bangkok city and surrounding communities, and its rapid
changing with the current situation.
Review of Literature
Buyers mean individuals who are in the process of buying (S. Serirat et al, 2000).
Consumer behavior can be defined as consumers’ action of buying goods and services
for household and individual uses (S. Chaicharn, 2000), where individuals involve in the
process of making a decision and exchanging of money for goods and services [6].
Analyzing consumer behavior is to investigate buying and using of consumers, both at
the individual and organizational levels, in order to know characteristics of demands and
selecting, buying and consuming or using behavior, and to examine antecedents of
consumer satisfaction. Marketing strategies are the result of these investigations, which
assist marketers in satisfying consumers. The 6Ws and 1H including who, what, where,
when, why and how were designed for investigating the 7 characteristics regarding the
consumer behavior and analyzing potential responsive marketing strategies. These 7
characteristics cover occupants, objects, objectives, organization, occasions, outlets
and operations.
The marketing mix refers to a combination of 4 elements which include product, price,
place or channel of distribution and promotion. Product mix can be categorized into 1)
convenience goods; 2) shopping goods; 3) specialty goods; and 4) unsought goods.
Price means a value that will purchase a finite quantity, weight, or other measure of a
good or service. Pricing depends on the firm’s average costs and on the customer’s
perceived value of the product in comparison to his or her perceived value of the
competing products. Thus, strategic decision on pricing should place a consideration on
1) customers’ higher level of acceptance of product value than the price itself; 2) costs
and other expenses; 3) market competition; and 4) other factors. Place or channel of
distribution is composed of systematic activities of product launching and distributing
from sources of production to sources of consumption. Place consists of 2 parts: 1)
channel of distribution, meaning the path through which goods and services travel from
the vendor to the consumer or payments for those products that travel from the
consumer to the vendor, thus producer, intermediaries and consumers playing in this
process; and 2) market logistics, meaning activities involving in moving goods from the
vendor to the consumer, thus this process concerns transportation, storage,
warehousing and inventory management. Lastly, promotion is defined as an act of using
several different types of communication in exchanging information between sellers and
buyers in order to create positive attitudes and buying behavior, to support marketing
goals. Communication can be done through personal and non- personal selling, and
integrated marketing communication or IMC. Advertising, personal selling, sales
promotion, publicity and public relation and direct marketing including online marketing
are the five aspects of the promotional mix.
Methodology
The objectives of this research paper were 1) to study differences of buying behavior
of consumers at the Bang Nam Pheung Community Floating Market in Bangkok by
gender, age, marital status, educational level, occupation and monthly income; 2) to
21 June 2015, 17th International Academic Conference, Vienna ISBN 978-80-87927-10-6, IISES
http://www.iises.net/proceedings/17th-international-academic-conference-vienna/front-page 529
investigate a correlation between marketing mix determinants and consumers’ buying
behavior ; 3) to investigate a correlation between product mix determinants and
consumers’ buying behavior ; and 4) to investigate a correlation between consumers’
buying behavior and their likelihood of future buying. The population of this research
was the consumers who bought goods at Bang Nam Pheung Community Floating
Market. Probability sampling was designed due to the fact that the number of population
w
21 2015 มิถุนายน ประชุมนานาชาติด้านการศึกษา 17 เวียนนา ISBN 978-80-87927-10-6, IISESTHANASUWIT THABHIRANRAKวิศวกรรมโยธามหาวิทยาลัย ไทยSUPAYOTIN นาสงขลาวิศวกรรมโยธามหาวิทยาลัย ไทยโทร SUPHUANวิศวกรรมโยธามหาวิทยาลัย ไทยการตลาดผสมดีเทอร์มิแนนต์และพฤติกรรมการซื้อในตลาดชุมชน ' ผลิตภัณฑ์บทคัดย่อ:งานวิจัยนี้เกี่ยวข้อง [i] การค้นพบความแตกต่างของพฤติกรรมของผู้บริโภคในบางของผู้ซื้อน้ำ Pheung ชุมชนตลาดน้ำในกรุงเทพฯ ตามเพศ อายุ สถานภาพสมรส การศึกษาระดับ อาชีพ และ รายได้ต่อเดือน [ii] ตรวจสอบความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างส่วนผสมทางการตลาดดีเทอร์มิแนนต์และพฤติกรรมการซื้อของผู้บริโภค [iii] ตรวจสอบความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างผลิตภัณฑ์ดีเทอร์มิแนนต์และพฤติกรรมการซื้อของผู้บริโภค และความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างการตรวจสอบ [iv]พฤติกรรมการซื้อของผู้บริโภคและความเป็นไปได้ของการซื้อในอนาคต เป้าหมายมีความพยายามระบุตลาดผสมผสานน้ำ Pheung ตลาดน้ำบางที่กำหนดการซื้อพฤติกรรมของผู้บริโภค เลือกจำนวน 400 ตัวอย่างจากประชากรของผู้บริโภคผู้เข้าเยี่ยมชม และ shopped ในบางน้ำ Pheung ตลาด กรุงเทพมหานคร ผลการวิจัยที่ให้ความเข้าใจเพิ่มเติมมุมมองต่อชุมชนลอยดีเทอร์มิแนนต์ผสมตลาดบนพฤติกรรมการซื้อของผู้บริโภค ผลการวิจัยเปิดเผยความสัมพันธ์ที่สำคัญระหว่างทัศนคติของผู้บริโภคตลาดผสมดีเทอร์มิแนนต์ของราคา ผู้ขาย และสถานที่ และพฤติกรรมการซื้อในแง่ของความถี่ในการซื้อ นอกจากนี้ สูงซื้อระดับความถี่ยังกำหนดความเป็นไปได้ของ revisiting ร้านที่ตลาด แนะนำผู้อื่นและอื่น ๆบ่อยคำในกรณีที่ได้รับรายได้ที่สูงขึ้นคำสำคัญ:ส่วนผสมการตลาด พฤติกรรมการซื้อ ตลาดชุมชน ' ผลิตภัณฑ์http://www.iises.net/proceedings/17th-international-academic-conference-vienna/front-page 527แนะนำตลาดชุมชนมีบทบาทการเป็นสถานที่หลักสำหรับ retailing สินค้าในประเทศไทย ซึ่งได้ระบุว่าขอแบบไทย ๆ โลกาภิวัตน์ได้ปฏิบัติการประเทศในยุคสมัยใหม่ นี้ได้สร้างภัยคุกคามจากค้าปลีกสมัยใหม่ และบางกฎหมายเปิดเสรีและกฎระเบียบที่ส่งเสริมการลงทุนต่างประเทศและขั้นตอนฟรีของแรงงาน มีสถานะทางการเงินสูงขึ้น ความก้าวหน้าทางเทคโนโลยี และการจัดการนวัตกรรม บริษัทข้ามชาติเหล่านี้ทำให้เกิดภัยคุกคามสำคัญต่อไทยผู้ประกอบการ โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งร้านค้าปลีก รวมทั้งผู้ที่วันหยุดตลาดชุมชนที่นำสมัยค้าปลีกเช่นบิ๊กซี เทสโก้โลตัส คาร์ฟูร์ และแม็คโครได้ขยายสาขาทั่วกรุงเทพและจังหวัดใกล้เคียง พวกเขา และจังหวัดอื่น ๆ ทั่วประเทศ นี้ถูกผูกไว้จะส่งผลกระทบต่อผู้ค้าขนาดเล็ก และขนาดกลางจากค้าส่งซุปเปอร์มาร์เก็ตและร้านขายของชำ การแข่งขันสูงของค้าปลีกสมัยใหม่นี้สภาพแวดล้อมที่จะเกี่ยวกับช่องโหว่การค้าส่งขนาดเล็กและร้านค้าปลีก ซึ่งอาจเป็นสำคัญเพื่อให้พวกเขาอาจตัดสินใจปิดธุรกิจของพวกเขาเนื่องจาก unprofitabilityUnprofitability เกิดจากปัจจัยหลายอย่าง เช่น การเปลี่ยนแปลงของรสชาติและมูลค่าของให้นำเข้าผลิตภัณฑ์ และการขาดความสามารถในการเจรจาต่อรองสำหรับผู้บริโภคชาวไทยลดราคาขายส่งทำให้ผู้บริโภคสามารถขายปลีกที่น่าสนใจมากขึ้นราคา (R. Seubnukarn, 2003) ผลกระทบของข้อตกลงการค้าเสรีหรือเขตการค้าเสรียังมีทั้งโอกาสและความท้าทาย (C. Rattanareuthai, 2006)สถานการณ์ดังกล่าวข้างต้นเป็นจำนวนมากเนื่องจากอัตราผลตอบแทนเป็นค่าบวกสำหรับการสิ้นสุดผู้บริโภคที่ราคาถูกกว่าและผลิตภัณฑ์ หลากหลายมากขึ้น ตลอดจนการขยายการจ้างงานท้องถิ่น ยังกระทบระยะยาวไม่สามารถถูกละเว้น ในความเป็นจริง โดยคนท้องถิ่นที่ซื้อสินค้าจากโมเดิร์นสูงขึ้นอย่างต่อเนื่องค้าและอื่น ๆ franchised บริษัทตัวแทนจำหน่าย มากกว่าจากเล็กเดี่ยว - เองร้านขายของชำ ประเทศสามารถอาจเผชิญกับปัญหาของการรั่วไหลของรายได้อย่างมาก และกระแสหมุนเวียนของเงินในเศรษฐกิจ (C. Rattanareuthai, 2006)จากมุมมองทางประวัติศาสตร์ คนไทยเริ่มรู้จัก 'ตลาด' ในสุโขทัยเป็นสถานที่ขาย และการซื้อกิจกรรมเกิดขึ้นสำหรับสินค้าอุปโภคบริโภคในชีวิตประจำวันทั้งในเมืองและชนบท ประเพณี ตลาดในความรู้สึกของคนไทยเรียกว่าซื้อขายปลีกและส่ง ซึ่งอาจเป็นน้ำ หรือน้ำ และที่ดินmarkets. These markets have physical attachments with local people living in andnearby, and characterize Thai ways in settling down. Addressing a case of river orfloating markets, the urbanization and environmental changes have transformed theway of local selling and buying along rivers and canals moving on lands. Nevertheless,floating markets today have been promoted by local authorities with a purpose topromote community tourism (Kanchanapisek).Sustaining the traditional Thai retail and wholesale trading is one way to support andpromote creative products produced locally from local wisdoms, in which Thailand as awhole can receive benefits from income generation throughout the country and foreigncurrency earnings from exporting locally- produced products. Furthermore, communitymarkets are significant as a possible solution for local Thai unemployed people andstreet vendors, through which the country could gain a more positive image. Floatingmarkets, for example, could be perceived as representing Thai traditional way of lifeand as producing local income and well- being.In these regards, this study of marketing mix determinants and buying behavior forcommunity market’ products was aimed to benefit as a guideline for Thai local21 June 2015, 17th International Academic Conference, Vienna ISBN 978-80-87927-10-6, IISEShttp://www.iises.net/proceedings/17th-international-academic-conference-vienna/front-page 528entrepreneurs in improving or planning for strategies in marketing for their communitymarket products. Bang Nam Pheung Floating Market in Bangkok was selected for thestudy due to its proximity to Bangkok city and surrounding communities, and its rapidchanging with the current situation.Review of LiteratureBuyers mean individuals who are in the process of buying (S. Serirat et al, 2000).Consumer behavior can be defined as consumers’ action of buying goods and servicesfor household and individual uses (S. Chaicharn, 2000), where individuals involve in theprocess of making a decision and exchanging of money for goods and services [6].Analyzing consumer behavior is to investigate buying and using of consumers, both atthe individual and organizational levels, in order to know characteristics of demands andselecting, buying and consuming or using behavior, and to examine antecedents ofconsumer satisfaction. Marketing strategies are the result of these investigations, whichassist marketers in satisfying consumers. The 6Ws and 1H including who, what, where,when, why and how were designed for investigating the 7 characteristics regarding theconsumer behavior and analyzing potential responsive marketing strategies. These 7characteristics cover occupants, objects, objectives, organization, occasions, outletsand operations.The marketing mix refers to a combination of 4 elements which include product, price,place or channel of distribution and promotion. Product mix can be categorized into 1)convenience goods; 2) shopping goods; 3) specialty goods; and 4) unsought goods.Price means a value that will purchase a finite quantity, weight, or other measure of agood or service. Pricing depends on the firm’s average costs and on the customer’sperceived value of the product in comparison to his or her perceived value of thecompeting products. Thus, strategic decision on pricing should place a consideration on1) customers’ higher level of acceptance of product value than the price itself; 2) costsand other expenses; 3) market competition; and 4) other factors. Place or channel ofdistribution is composed of systematic activities of product launching and distributingfrom sources of production to sources of consumption. Place consists of 2 parts: 1)channel of distribution, meaning the path through which goods and services travel fromthe vendor to the consumer or payments for those products that travel from theconsumer to the vendor, thus producer, intermediaries and consumers playing in thisprocess; and 2) market logistics, meaning activities involving in moving goods from thevendor to the consumer, thus this process concerns transportation, storage,warehousing and inventory management. Lastly, promotion is defined as an act of usingseveral different types of communication in exchanging information between sellers andbuyers in order to create positive attitudes and buying behavior, to support marketinggoals. Communication can be done through personal and non- personal selling, andintegrated marketing communication or IMC. Advertising, personal selling, salespromotion, publicity and public relation and direct marketing including online marketingare the five aspects of the promotional mix.MethodologyThe objectives of this research paper were 1) to study differences of buying behaviorof consumers at the Bang Nam Pheung Community Floating Market in Bangkok bygender, age, marital status, educational level, occupation and monthly income; 2) to21 June 2015, 17th International Academic Conference, Vienna ISBN 978-80-87927-10-6, IISEShttp://www.iises.net/proceedings/17th-international-academic-conference-vienna/front-page 529investigate a correlation between marketing mix determinants and consumers’ buyingbehavior ; 3) to investigate a correlation between product mix determinants andconsumers’ buying behavior ; and 4) to investigate a correlation between consumers’buying behavior and their likelihood of future buying. The population of this researchwas the consumers who bought goods at Bang Nam Pheung Community FloatingMarket. Probability sampling was designed due to the fact that the number of populationw
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..