A 100 J kg fat-free mass (FFM)-1 . min-1 increase in PAEE from baseline to follow-up reduced triglycendes by 3.5 (9.5 CI 0.03 - 5.7) in men and 3.2 (0.002-5.4) in women, fasting insulin by 5.3 (1.0-7.5) in men and women and 2-h glucose by 3.2 (0.3-5.3) in men and 3.1 (0.3-5.2) in women after adjustment for sex, age smoking status, aerobic fitness, baseline phenotype, and change in fat mass. in general, the magnitudes of association for change in fat mass with metabolic risk factors were two to three times stronger than for PAEE