it is not exhaustive, uses a negligible
amount of organic solvent (minimum volume of solvent, which also
minimizes analyst contact with potentially toxic fumes and environmental
contamination), offers the freedom to select the
most suitable solvent for the target analytes, requires only a
short time for analysis, has a high sensitivity and low cost when
compared to SPME and SPE, and uses simple equipment [13–15].
Additionally, SDME combines the pre-concentration and sample
introduction into a single-step extraction