The terricolous lichen communities occurring under a temperate sub-arid to sub-humid climate
(mean annual rainfall about 750 mm) on Pliocene clay soils of southern Tuscany (central Italy) are
similar to those reported for arid or sub-arid areas, with mean annual rainfall around 200 mm. The
distribution of these communities is influenced by the availability of bare soil and percentage cover
of vascular plants. Where vascular communities are more important and pedogenetic processes lead
to the development of more structured and evolved soils, pioneer lichen communities of the Toninio-
Psoretum decipientis are replaced by communities such as that of Cladonietum convolutae, which
are more capable of competing for light and nutrients with dense communities of tall grasses such as
Bromus erectus. The distribution patterns of Artemisia cretacea and B. erectus among vascular
plants, and Fulgensia fulgens and Cladonia rangiformis among lichens, account for most of the
variability in vascular and lichen communities, respectively.
D 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The terricolous lichen communities occurring under a temperate sub-arid to sub-humid climate(mean annual rainfall about 750 mm) on Pliocene clay soils of southern Tuscany (central Italy) aresimilar to those reported for arid or sub-arid areas, with mean annual rainfall around 200 mm. Thedistribution of these communities is influenced by the availability of bare soil and percentage coverof vascular plants. Where vascular communities are more important and pedogenetic processes leadto the development of more structured and evolved soils, pioneer lichen communities of the Toninio-Psoretum decipientis are replaced by communities such as that of Cladonietum convolutae, whichare more capable of competing for light and nutrients with dense communities of tall grasses such asBromus erectus. The distribution patterns of Artemisia cretacea and B. erectus among vascularplants, and Fulgensia fulgens and Cladonia rangiformis among lichens, account for most of thevariability in vascular and lichen communities, respectively.D 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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