Yet, by the job’s very nature, the IJVGM is an outsider to at least one of the parent firms. In addition to being an outsider, factors such as geographic distance, time zone differences, staffing limitations, language differences and communication problems often make it more difficult for the IJVGM to obtain assistance. For an intracorporate position, the new GM may receive training to prepare him or her for the specific job, including lines of communication, plans for the business unit, policies, and the competitive politico-legal environment