The present study included several widely accepted cytogenetical end points, like study of chromosomal aberrations (CA), induction of micronuclei (MN), abnormal nuclei (AN), and sperm head abnormality (SHA) in the experimental and control specimens. Further, the
relative efficacy of three different doses each of VC and BC have also been tested to ascertain if there is any dose–response relationship in the process of amelioration
of EMS-induced genotoxicity in this fish species.