There is very little research about children with Autism in Montessori early childhood education
in Aotearoa New Zealand. This study examined parents’ and teachers’ perspectives of children
with Autism attending Montessori early childhood education environments. This thesis documents
literature that explores and critiques Montessori philosophy and the teaching of children on the
Autism spectrum.
The purpose of this study was to gain insights into the Montessori teaching approach in early
childhood education, as a supportive environment for children with Autism in the early years.
However, I discovered that the Montessori environment is less than ideal if the teachers do not
understand Autism Spectrum Disorder and do not make allowances for the symptoms that present
themselves.
It was my intention to explore the factors that complemented both Montessori and the support of
children with Autism with an approach that is conducive to learning and encourages positive
behavioural patterns. The findings revealed three main indicators being identified as important.
These were social competence, language and communication, and individual interests and sensory
implications. However, not all findings were positive. The parents all agreed that the teachers
needed to be flexible and understanding in their approach, and many Montessori teachers are strict
in their routine and are not prepared to sway from their teaching method to assist a child with
Autism.
This study suggests that Montessori early childhood teachers would benefit from professional
development in the areas of including children with special needs, particularly Autism Spectrum
Disorder, particularly in regards to understanding the unique characteristics of children with
Autism and how they can effectively use the Montessori philosophy, equipment and prepared
environment to support each child’s learning and development.
Suggestions for future professional learning for Montessori teachers include the provision of
professional development in including children with “special needs”, particularly Autism
Spectrum Disorder for Montessori early childhood teachers. It is not only the Montessori
philosophy and the prepared environment that supports the child with Autism, but the
teacher’s awareness of the child’s needs and a willingness to be flexible in their approach.