Arsenic is a ubiquitous environmental factor that has been identified as a risk factor for a wide range of
human diseases. Alcohol is clearly a toxic substance when consumed in excess. Alcohol abuse results in a
variety of pathological effects, including damages to liver, heart, and brain, as well as other organs, and is
associated with an increased risk of certain types of cancers. In history, arsenic-contaminated beers caused
severe diseases. There are populations who are exposed to relatively high levels of arsenic in their drinking
water and consume alcohol at the same time. In this focused review, we aim to discuss important molecular
mechanisms responsible for arsenic toxicity and potential combined toxic effects of alcohol and arsenic