Cuckoo Search Algorithm – The cuckoo search algorithm is developed by Yang and Deb [272] in 2009. The algorithm mimics the breeding behavior of cuckoos (to lay their eggs in the nests of other birds). Three basic operations associated are: (i) every cuckoo lays one egg at a time, and dumps its egg in randomly selected nest in the environment, (ii) the nests with good quality of eggs will remain for next generations, (iii) the number of host bird nests is fixed, and the egg laid by a cuckoo is identified by the host bird depending on a probability in the range [0, 1] (under such situation, the host bird can either destroy the egg or destroy the present nest and build a new one). Goel et al. [274] have formulated the cuckoo search based clustering algorithm and applied it for extraction of water body information from remote sensing satellite images.