This study confirms that adenovirus infection causes reorganization of the major sites of transcription in the host cell. In agreement with previous observations, adenoviral subversion of the host nucleus results in the re-localization of general transcription factors and pol II to sites of viral transcription (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3). Moreover, we find the novel recruitment of nuclear actin and myosins to these sites of active transcription (Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6). Similar to the transcription initiation complex, nuclear actin and myosins associate with specific viral replication centers (classified here as Type B) that are formed in the nuclei of Ad-infected cells during the onset of the late phase of infection. The recruitment of actin and certain myosins to the virus-induced ring structures and previous studies implicating nuclear actin and myosin in transcription [13] suggest roles for these proteins in adenoviral infection. Indeed, we find disruption of both cytoplasmic and nuclear actin has deleterious effects on the ability of Ad5 to infect the host cell, as well as on the progression of late phase of Ad5 infection (Fig. 7 and Fig. 8).