Abstract
Invasive alien marine species threaten biodiversity,marine industries (including fishing and tourism) and human health,and
unlike oil spills only get worse with time. While some progress is being made internationally on the 10,000 species estimated to be in
transit around the world in the ballast water,effective solutions are a long way off; meanwhile the majority of vectors is being
ignored. A systematic approach to invasive alien marine species is required to target the means and location of the most effective
management actions. Cooperation among regional trading partners will be essential to effectively manage the threat