The total phenolic contents (TPC) of WME and VME were determined according to the procedures described by Gutfinger (1981). One milliliter of each extract was mixed with 1.0 mL of 2% Na2CO3, and then the mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature for 3 min. After addition of 0.2 mL 50% Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, the reaction was kept for 30 min in the dark room, following by centrifugation at 14,240 × g for 5 min. The absorbance of supernatant was measured at 750 nm by using a spectrophotometer (Shimadzu UV-1601, Tokyo, Japan) and TPC were expressed as gallic acid equivalents.