A careful examination of the school environment will suggest many possibilities for using it to develop desirable attitudes. In developing attitudes through the use of experiences which have satisfying emotional concomitants, it is important to provide opportunity for the student to behave in the way desired and to get satisfaction from it. For example, if in the elementary school an effort is made to develop better, more social attitudes toward other racial groups, it is important to provide experiences in which children have a chance to share with children of other racial groups, to serve and to be served by them , but in situations that give a good deal of satisfaction from this type of sharing, this give and take. If the children have planned a party together and have the satisfaction from getting the thing carried through successfully, that is one illustration of setting up an experience in which he desired social attitudes can be reflected and satisfactions can be obtained at the same time. In using intellectual processes to develop social attitudes, the experiences should be such as to provide a broad analysis of social situations, to develop, first, understanding and then the desirable attitudes. In some cases, a frontal attack upon some kinds of social problems is not possible. If the students have prejudices and stereotyped conceptions, these may inhibit their understanding and they fail to see the logic of the social view. In this connection, it is often useful to give students a chance to get first-hand experience with the problem, to see for themselves the serious nature of unemployment, for example, in order to get a sincere hearing for possible ways of dealing with such a problem. Literature or motion pictures may often give a personal view of some kind of social situation that would not be gained by sheer study of the data alone. By the use of these methods, problem areas can be opened up for study. Then when there is clear understanding of the situation, it is possible to help students to develop attitudes as they see the implications of the points of view they hold. Finally, in such a program of developing attitudes through intellectual processes, it is desirable periodically for students to review their conduct in a particular area, to help to check with the goals to which they give lip service, to see how far their own behavior is in harmony with what they profess to believe. This kind of periodic review helps also to influence and develop attitudes. It should be clear that there is no way by which persons can be forced to have different attitudes. Shifts in attitudes grow out of the student's change in view and this comes from either a new insight and new knowledge about the situation or from the satisfaction or dissatisfaction he has obtained from particular views previously held or a combination of these procedures. Learning experiences, then, are set up so as to provide these kinds of opportunities for insight and for satisfactions. 4. Learning experiences helpful in developing interests. Interests are of concern in education both as ends and means; that is, as objectives and as motivating forces in connection with experiences to attain objectives. At this point, however, we are considering interests as a type of objective. Interests are often emphasized as important educational objectives because what one is interested in largely determines what he attends to and frequently what he does. Hence, interests tend to focus behavior in particular directions rather than in others and as such are powerful determiners of the kind of person anyone is. The basic requirement of learning experiences designed to develop interests is that they enable the student to derive satisfactions from the area of experience in which the interest is be developed. Hence, learning experiences to develop interests should give students an opportunity to explore the areas in which interests are to be developed and to have satisfying results from these explorations. Satisfactions may grow out of several sources. There are so-called fundamental satisfactions which seen to be basic to all people. These include such thing as the satisfaction from social approval; the satisfaction from meeting physical needs such as food, rest, and the like; satisfactions from success, that is, achieving one's aspirations and so on. Wherever possible, them learning experiences which provide a chance for the student to obtain these fundamental satisfactions are also likely to develop interests in these activities. A second basis upon which an activity can be satisfying is to have it linked with some other experience which is satisfying. The use of emotionally charged symbols, the setting of an individual activity in the context of a social activity are illustrations of trying to link a particular activity which is not in itself fundamentally satisfying with something which is satisfying so that the emotional effect will carry over and develop satisfaction in the thing that is linked with it. Hence, youngsters who do not get fundamental satisfactions from reading, for example, may be led to enjoy reading through setting it in a social situation which is satisfying or in connecting the reading with other enjoyable experiences. With younger children who are in good health, the need for activity can largely be counted on to support the satisfaction in wide explorations of various kinds of activity. Until their interests have been narrowed and channeled, they are likely to get satisfaction from sheer sensations and from variety of free activity. Satisfaction of curiosity is also satisfying for young children. Hence, it is possible in working with younger age groups to count much more heavily upon sheer exploration as providing the basis for increased satisfaction as long as the exploration does not negate fundamental satisfactions as, for example, giving the student a sense of failure or being laughed at, or in other ways making the activity distasteful because it gives him negative results.