Pipe bending is to be in accordance with 2-3-12/25 of the ABS Rules for Materials and Welding (Part 2). Alternatively, bending in accordance with a recognized standard (e.g., ASME B31.1 – Section 129.1 and 129.3) or other approved specifications to a radius that will result in a surface free of cracks and substantially free of buckles may be acceptable.