where E denotes an n 1 vector of a specific type of external effect
(e.g., pollution emission), R is an n n diagonal matrix with r
(i ¼1, 2, …n) denotes
the external effect per unit of output for the ith sector. Different
external effects can be calculated using different R matrices
describing environmental emissions as well as energy and
resource consumptions.
along the diagonal and zeros elsewhere, and r
i
i