instrumentation, or digitization, of a city’s system means that the workings of that system are turned into data
points and the system is made measurable,
268 Katarzyna Nowicka / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 151 ( 2014 ) 266 – 281
x interconnection means that different parts of a core system can be joined and “speak” to each other, turning data
into information, and
x intelligence refers to the ability to use the information created, model patterns of behavior or likely outcomes and
translate them into real knowledge, allowing informed actions.