Among advanced engineering materials, Ni–Ti alloy is
a special kind of material which exhibits shape memory
effect and other important features such as high
strength, high wear resistance, pseudo plasticity, and
outstanding biocompatibility for various applications
[1]. Ni–Ti-based shape memory alloy (SMA) is also used
in biomedical applications such as cardiovascular systems
(expandable stents) in minimal invasive surgeries
[2]. Ni–Ti SMA is highly sensitive to stresses and mechanical
tensions, which makes it difficult to machine by
conventional manufacturing processes and thus results
in poor workpiece quality and increase in tool wear
and tear [3]. To overcome this difficulty, nonconventional
machining techniques such as laser machining
and electrical discharge machining (EDM) are used for
Ni–Ti-based SMA fabrication [4].