3.2. DHL populationIn 1998, lines differed significantly for RWC in both stress and control treatments, in percent sterile spikelets in both water levels, and in grain yield in the control. Water deficit decreased RWC and increased spikelet sterility. In the control, RWC was correlated with grain yield (Fig. 2a) and spikelet sterility (r=−0.43,P<0.01). While the correlation only explained 25% of the variation in yield, it is apparent that lines with low yield could have either high or low RWC, but lines with high yield tended to have high RWC. RWC in the control was associated with a number of traits that influence yield, such as stem borer damage score (r=−0.55,P<0.01) and early plant height (r=−0.50,P<0.01). In the stress treatment, RWC measured at the end of the first stress period was not associated with yield ( Fig. 2b) or sterility, but was correlated with leaf drying score (average r=−0.57,P<0.01). RWC in control and stress treatments were only weakly correlated (r=0.26,P<0.05). Anthesis date was negatively correlated with yield but was not associated with either stem borer damage or RWC. Genetic correlations were stronger than phenotypic correlations, but were similar in sign and relative magnitude as phenotypic correlations (data not shown). Leaf drying scores were correlated with RWC measured at the end of the first stress period (r=−0.57,P<0.01).
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