some stakeholders are more important to the firm's survival than others. Primary stakeholders are groups upon which the organization depends for its long-term survival; they include shareholders,employees,customer,suppliers,governments,and local communities.When managers are struggling to balance the needs of different stakeholders,the stakeholders model suggests that the of primary stakeholders take precedence over the needs of secondary stakeholders. But among primary stakeholders,are some more important than others? According to the life-cycle theory of organizations,the answer is yes. Organizations' need change as they go through the life-cycle stage of formation,growth,maturity,and decline.At each stage,different primary stakeholders will be critical to organizational well-being,and their concerns rill take precedence over those of others primary stakeholders. In practice,though,CEOs typically give somewhat higher priority to shareholders,employees,and customers than to suppliers,government,and local communities,no matter what stage of the life cycle a company is in.