department. Some were revealed to the public as a result of the seizure of assets of after they were asked to leave the country following the student uprising in Moreover, besides these examples of large-scale abuse of police power, the police continued to operate their gin muang style systems of extortion and protection. As Krom Phraya Damrong explained, the advantage of the gin muang system in the old days was that "the government did not have to pay their stipend'. The government continued to pay the police low salaries and to provide inadequate funds for the maintenance of police stations and the provision of equipment. In effect, the government encouraged police to develop supplementary pay through private enterprise based on leveraging their official power According to study by Purachai, many improvements made to police stations were not financed from the government budget The police found the money themselves to pay for the by Phongsan, police officers interpreted According to their low official salaries a signal from the government that policemen must help themselves whatever way they could. Even honest policemen had to get supplementary income for their families, At the same time they witnessed the ways their superiors made money from their positions. Some of them might have expected some help from their superiors, but they were disappointed. They became frustrated police lieutenant general interviewed by Phongsan eventually 'decided to adapt himself to the system in order to cooperate for self-advancement gi In the Cold War period the government permitted t muang system to become very widespread, as part of the price for winning the police's cooperation for anti-communist operations. In this period, the systems for extorting money from the public and sharing them among police officers developed and formalized into elaborate money sums